Wednesday, December 25, 2019

Swing Kids By Robert Sean Leonard - 958 Words

Swing Kids is a motion picture produced by Hollywood Studios and released on March 5, 1993. The movie follows the 1939 journey of two German teenagers through the â€Å"Hitlerjugend†, or Hitler Youth. Peter Muller (played by Robert Sean Leonard) and Thomas Berger (played by Christian Bale) are forced to choose between loyalty to their friends and family or loyalty to their country. The main focus of this movie is to display the way the Nazi party â€Å"brainwashed† their youth with propaganda. The movie conveys this very well. However, like most movies, this one also leaves the audience with some questions. Swing Kids is able to convey the Nazi â€Å"brainwashing† tactics better than most if not all World War II movies. Thomas starts the movie out as a â€Å"Swing Kid†, someone who goes to secret parties and dances to swing music, but he transitions to become a law-abiding Hitlerjugend (HJ) through various sports, classes, and activities that make him feel special and privileged compared to the Swing Kids. Emil, a former Swing Kid who became an HJ, takes him in as his friend. Emil encourages Thomas to participate in more HJ activities until he becomes just like the rest of them. Without even realizing it, Thomas develops a Nazi mindset with a newfound hate towards Jews, cripples, and black people. He loses interest in swing music and eventually drives his crippled friend Arvid to suicide by making fun of his crippled leg and spewing out Nazi propaganda believing it as fact. Meanwhile, PeterShow MoreRelatedGoal Movie Review10720 Words   |  43 Pageswatching young lads beat the hell out of each other. But once in a while, there’s one that comes along and lifts your heart.† --Glen Foy in â€Å"Goal! The Dream Begins† GOAL! THE DREAM BEGINS Production Information Like every kid, Santiago Munez has a big dream. But unlike every kid, he’s given the rare opportunity to make that dream come true—if he’s willing to put his fears aside, travel thousands of miles from home, and hold his own with some of the best in the world. The intense pressure and personalRead MoreTeaching Notes Robert Grant - Strategy 4th Edition51665 Words   |  207 Pagesquality of your contributions, not the quantity, is important. Advancing the discussion is valuable; repeating comments already made, evading the question, or diverting from the core of the discussion is not. Reading: Cases: The required text is: Robert M. Grant, Contemporary Strategy Analysis: Concepts, Techniques, Applications (4th edn, Blackwell, 2002). The cases are from the forthcoming Cases in Contemporary Strategy Analysis (3rd edition, Blackwell, 2003); they can be downloaded from the school’sRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pages ELEVENT H EDITION MARKETING MISTAKES AND SUCCESSES 30TH ANNIVERSARY Robert F. Hartley Cleveland State University JOHN WILEY SONS, INC. VICE PRESIDENT PUBLISHER EXECUTIVE EDITOR ASSISTANT EDITOR PRODUCTION MANAGER PRODUCTION ASSISTANT EXECUTIVE MARKETING MANAGER ASSISTANT MARKETING MANAGER MARKETING ASSISTANT DESIGN DIRECTOR SENIOR DESIGNER SENIOR MEDIA EDITOR George Hoffman Lise Johnson Carissa Doshi Dorothy Sinclair Matt Winslow Amy Scholz Carly DeCandia

Tuesday, December 17, 2019

Calpurnia Character Analysis - 1167 Words

Calpurnia Character Analysis Calpurnia, or â€Å"Cal†, was the Finch’s African-American housekeeper and cook. Her being a black, middle-aged woman in a white dominated society, we can already infer she has experienced great racial injustices. Throughout the novel, we see significant and noticeable changes in the main characters, but scarce development in Calpurnia ´s character. Before you discard this essay on what was supposed to be about a chosen character changing due to social and racial injustices throughout the book, give the thesis ample thought. Scout is the narrator of the book, therefore we are seeing changes through her point of view; so we only see Calpurnia changing through the eyes of Scout, but they were not, in†¦show more content†¦Around this time in the book, classmates and neighbors started talking about Atticus defending Tom Robinson. Cal is mellifluous and gentle towards Jem in some instances. For example, after Jem wrecks Mrs. Dubose’s camellia flowers, and the kids were skulking, Calpurnia understood that Jem was distressed, and gave him a hot biscuit-and-butter. One may argue this is the beginning of a change in Calpurnia, but we may look at it as Cal just being a mom. One can refute the argument of change that Scout is just beginning to see the good side of her and why Cal does what she does. She has already gone through the phases with her own children, and know how it is herself growing up. Jem is starting to grow up in the middle of the novel. This is evident by Scout’s overwhelming frustration with Jem in the quote, â€Å"His maddening superiority was unbearable these days. He didn’t want to do anything but read and go off by himself.† (Lee 184) Calpurnia, being the experienced mother/caregiver she is, had seen that, and started giving Jem his space, and started calling him â⠂¬Å"Mister Jem†. Scout realizes Calpurnia is not as awful as she once thought. Scout realizes Calpurnia can be nice when given the chance. During Tom Robinson’s trial, Scout starts to understand the entirety of racial injustice. When Scout encounters the lynch mob outside Tom’s cell before the trial, and she stopped them from hurting Tom by making conversation with and embarrassing Mr. Cunningham, that was when we seeShow MoreRelatedCalpurnia Character Traits1164 Words   |  5 PagesCalpurnia Character Analysis Calpurnia, or â€Å"Cal†, was the Finch’s African-American housekeeper and cook. Her being a black, middle-aged woman in a white dominated society, we can already infer she has experienced great racial injustices. Throughout the novel, we see significant and noticeable changes in the main characters, but little development in Calpurnia ´s character. Before you discard this essay on what was supposed to be about a chosen character changing due to social and racial injusticesRead MoreThe Role of Women in Julius Caesar Essay820 Words   |  4 Pagesspouses of the two main characters to add more depth, drama, and literary elements to the play, bringing it to life. Although the only two female characters in Julius Caesar, Portia and Calpurnia do not play a pivotal role in the overall plot of the story, their presence is vital in illuminating and developing the characters of their husbands, Brutus and Caesar. What they reveal about their husbands leads the reader to infer that Portia is the more admirable and redeeming character. Throughout Shakespeare’sRead More Atticus Finch Essays774 Words   |  4 PagesAtticus Finch Character Analysis on Atticus Finch in To Kill A Mockingbird Abraham Lincoln once said, â€Å"You cannot escape the responsibility of tomorrow by evading it today.† Atticus Finch, a character in the novel To Kill a Mockingbird, must keep this quote in his mind day by day. Atticus is a lawyer who was born and raised in Maycomb County. He still lives there with his children, Jeremy (also known as Jem) and Jean Louise (also known as Scout). His sister Alexandra lives with him, and a NegroRead MoreTo Kill a Mockingbird Character Analysis Essay763 Words   |  4 PagesEssay Prompt: In a 1-2 page character analysis, explain what makes Atticus such a good parent, using quotes and evidence from the text to back up your claims. The Most Memorial Parent In 2003, the American Film Institute chose Atticus Finch, a respectful, dignity attorney from To Kill a Mockingbird, as the greatest hero in 100 years of film history. Harper Lee published To Kill a Mockingbird in the 1960s and it immediately received huge acclaims from readers throughout the world. In the novelRead MoreThe Setting Of Kill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1354 Words   |  6 PagesLiterary Analysis Name: Amy Lyons Title: To Kill a Mockingbird Author: Harper Lee Setting: The setting of To Kill a Mockingbird is a small town in south Alabama called Maycomb County in the early 1930s. Point of View: Harper Lee s first, only novel is written in first person due to the fact we see the whole story through Scout s perspective. Theme: One of the crucial themes that Lee based the novel on was racism, which was an extremely controversial topic at the time the book was publishedRead MoreHonors Literary Analysis : The Time Periods, Geographical Location, Historical / Social Context )1195 Words   |  5 PagesLiterary Analysis January 21, 2015 Name: ____Tucker Mason_______ Title: ___________Go set a watchman_____________ Author: __Harper Lee____________ Genre: __Fiction_______ Setting (ANALYZE the time period, geographical location, historical/social context) The setting can best be describe has a quiet rural town in alabama during the 1950s. From the time period we can tell there are still racial tensions. We learn that almost all the people in maycomb county are part of the KKK. Character AnalysisRead MoreA Historical Overview Of Julius Caesar Essay1452 Words   |  6 Pageshistorical accuracy to Plutarch. Shakespeare is known to â€Å"focus on the underlying character strengths and weaknesses, as well as the motives that Plutarch noted in many of the great ancient leaders† (Hacht). Shakespeare created in-depth characters through inspiration from Chaucer’s writing. Shakespeare is able to use historical content from Plutarch and character analysis from studying Chaucer to give his characters three-dimensional human qualities that audience members can relate to. ShakespeareRead MoreRacism And Critical Disposition Of Kill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1415 Words   |  6 PagesAn Analysis of Racism and Critical Disposition in Maycomb County Racism was a tremendous issue in Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird. It was applied throughout the novel and was increasingly used to judge others in Maycomb’s society. Racism was revealed through the novel to characters Jem, Scout, and Dill who were young children that were learning about the good and evil in the small town they lived in. Racism was a constant and significant topic. There were many aspects that contributed to racismRead MoreThe Role of Persuasion in Julius Caesar Essay examples1066 Words   |  5 Pagesdeclaration of a dictator and the events later leading up to his assassination and â€Å"the subsequent war, in which the deaths of the leading conspirators constituted a sort of revenge for the assassination†1 and how the characters use persuasion to emphasize a specific point. Various characters throughout the story use rhetoric appeals to persuade others. Persuasion is used very effectively when Anthony addresses a speech to the citizens of Rome. He manipulates the crowd and uses persuasion effectivelyRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Of Kill A Mockingbird 1271 Words   |  6 PagesJourney Tasopulos Brannen ELA-8 19 April, 2015 Novel Analysis: To Kill A Mockingbird Selection: I selected this book because its the best book I have ever read. I read To Kill A Mockingbird last year and my class wrote an essay about this book, since I already know so much about this book I thought it would be a nice and quick read. I thought it would be a great enjoyment to refresh my memory of this epic book. I watched the movie soon after I read the whole book and it was very fun to pick out

Monday, December 9, 2019

Business Ethics in Oil and Gas Industry †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Business Ethics in Oil and Gas Industry. Answer: Introduction The past period has seen the growth in the oil and gas industries which have propelled the momentum of the energy sector and modified the view of the local populations towards the activities of the companies. The business ethics defining the corporate and firms structure of the government in charge lack credibility and responsibility towards the citizens. Unethical practices such as careless management decision making and the oil firms attitude towards their environment have put the life of the surrounding ecosystem in to a risk. People who were initially dependant on small scale fishing and farming in the neighbourhood for their livelihood finding themselves in a tight situation due to the polluted environments. With the widening of the energy business the oil and gas industry currently continuous to encounter challenges. Secure extraction of these resource is becoming a factor with several employees finding themselves exposed to risks of injury or even health issues. With the resou rce and wealth generated from the industry the society expect giving back in terms of support to solve societal issues of which the sector has failed. In addition, the extraction of oil has resulted in oil spills polluting the regions and causing massive disappearance of life. Gradually the countries are developing policies to protect themselves from these disasters but the ethical issues are yet to be taken seriously if recent repetitive occurrences in the sector are anything to The relationship between management of ethical risk in the oil and gas industry and reduction in the accidents. Due to the several risks surrounding the oil and gas industry the industry stake holders drafted several ethical issues to assist curtail the disasters and the magnitude of the aftermath of the disasters should an industry experience one. Form the case study we see several cases under which failure to manage ethical issues have directly impacted on severe accidents. In the wreck of the Exxon Valdez the first situation occurs when Gregory Cousins take the captaincy of a very large crucial ship ferrying very risky product in a sea which he is not licenced to operate in it becomes even worse to note that the pilot of this ship was spending time sleeping thereby neglecting his duties I purpose. On the other hand, after the wreck the pilot tries to free the ship from the reef by rocking the tanker. Even though the sea guard expertly advised against this he goes ahead hence causing a severe spillage of oil into the sea When the officials of the Exxon acknowledged putting the ship on the hands of a drunkard undergoing treatment then the ethical connection to the accident just becomes too visible. The Deep-water Horizon oil spillage further supports this notion that poor management of ethical issues is the back bone of majority of the accidents (Huntington, 2009). Prior to the accident, we researchers point out to numerous ethical issues which it was to be addressed in advance would have obviously impacted in reducing the possibility of the disasters. BP firm preferred less costly oil well design which increased the risk of the accident, also the experts observed that the firm management neglected vital procedures which were meant to test the presence of gases in the pipes a condition which seemingly led to the explosion (Minerals Management Service, 2011). This ethical negligence further becomes painful to the victims of the disaster when observers indicate that the experts gave a go-ahead to the process after observing warning signs during their safety test on the oil rig. It evident form this case study that there is a perfect positive correlation between the number accidents occurring and the poor management of ethical risks in the oil and gas sector. Despite the managers being aware of the riskiness of their environment of operation and the huge health and environmental consequences brought about by accidents in the area. It quit unimaginable how they can afford to take such a risk only considering their potential profits Comparison of the risks faced by BP, Exxon and the Fracking industry in their bid to adequately supply energy The oil and gas segment is characterised by tapping invisible, under pressure underground petroleum resources and try to abstract those resources securely from the ground. After the extraction, the products are mainly ferried for a long distance through the pipeline or ocean destined tankers (Nossiter, 2010). In addition, the refinement of the product is carried out via a combination of technical chemical combinations comprised with higher pressures and high temperatures. Every single stage involves in the petroleum and gas mining, processing and transportation are under the operations of people which historically have proven to be susceptible errors. The BP, Exxon and Fracking industry are all involve in the oil and gas sector and for that purpose they tend to face similar risks when it comes to their quest to supply energy adequately to the population. These risks are generalised into environmental, health, safety, and liability and reputational. The environment risk has been one of the major issue when it comes to petroleum and gas products. Just like other forms of extracting the natural resources oil and gas mining is not carried out in a vacuum rather they are undertaken in areas which have various forms of life developing. From the sea life in the oceans where oil and gas mining often takes place to the land animals. As indicated by the case study the various human error which often lead to accidents have been evidenced to portray a heavy consequence to life. When the Exxon Valdez wrecked in the year 1989, the oil spillage spreads rapidly in few days killing thousands of sea birds, sea otters and the entire wildlife which was in the shoreline environment. The prince Willian Sound area where the accident occurred at that time was home to several species of birds. These environmental effects flowed to the people who were dependant on that part of the sea for fishing, an industry that was estimated to generate of $100 million annually. Even up to now as the ExxonMobil insists on the recovery of the area researchers are still indicating that toxins are still leaking from the Exxon Valdez oil which remains on the beaches and hence continuing to harm the wildlife. This risk is once again portrayed in the Deep-water Horizontal oil spill which saw an oil rig explode and release million gallons of oil into the Mexican gulf killing thousands of marine animals with scientists indicating that there is still oil lurk in the seafloor and hence offering a threat to coral reefs and other marine life. Similarly Fracking even though deemed safer compared to petroleum and gas in terms of environmental risks the case study indicates that these statistics seems to be misleading. These challenges are similar only that when it comes to fracking the environmental impacts tend to affect individuals hence a bit suppressed. An example is the release of radioactive gases and reduce the value of homes in the areas which Fracking is taking place are some of the issues affecting their environments not forgetting to add seismic waves to the group. Another risky area that have impacted on the sustainability of firms operating on the oil and gas sector is the health issue. First, the mining and consumption of the petroleum products and natural gases have been with associated with release of toxins into the atmosphere and the surroundings in general. This have led to emergence of a series of health issues. In the Fracking segment, we see randy Mayer an employee at one of the firms undertaking mining going through a series of health issues from the toxics he interacted with when on duty. Also, a couple is complaining of the death of their animals after allowing fracking to take place in their land an indication that there is toxics coming out of the process which are harmful to health. The massive death of wildlife from the sea plants and animals caused by the BP and Exxon Valdez oil spillage is just an example of how harmful the oil and gas is when it comes to health. This makes a major risk to the existence of the oil and gas in dustries. As much as safety is related to health when it comes to riskiness it is observed to be an independent issue. The Deep-water horizon spill is a very clear illustration of what safety is all about. Both the BP, Exxon and Fracking are activities which are carried out in very vulnerable conditions. The case study gives perfect evidence of the riskiness when it comes to safety from animals to the employees directly involved in this segment. A refinery under the BP care exploded in Texas and killed 15 employees, again in April 2010 an oil rig in the Gulf of Mexico exploded and killed a total of 11 employees. In the Fracking segment, we see the author showing concern over the magnitude of people who will be affected by catastrophizes in the sector due to the proximity to human settlement of the of the operations of fracking. Liability even though a risk that have little effect to life hence not loudly mentioned is a very heavy risk to the firms. In the Exxon Valdez wreck the case study clearly indicate the heavy penalties the firms suffered in liability for failing to prevent the accidents. First in the oil spillage BP firm and the Exxon spent billions of shillings clearing the oil spill. They are further forced to compensate the other users of the sea for the loss of income arising from the pollution of the sea. Though Fracking sector is yet to be affected by a large-scale accident its proximity to the general population is just an indication of the level of liability the firms will carry shall they see a disaster in their operations. Further we look at the reputational risk which is associated with any form of accident in the firms. When the Exxon Valdez wrecked, we see the public outcry forcing the firm to complete the clearing of the oil spillage that tells you what the public perception is regarding the responsibility of the firm to the accident. The same fate is also suffered by BP when accidents occurred at their firm. We see the frim even undergoing the extent of changing their name to try win back the public trust after the accidents. The fact that several countries from France to Germany as well as Bulgaria have banned the fracking activities tells it all on how the reputational risk is a challenge to the firms in the oil and gas sector. How ethical leadership helps the oil and gas industry manage risks The area of operations of the oil and gas extraction services is surrounded by risks which are impossible to mitigate without a unique procedure of business operations. On our case study, we visualise several risks which were simply occurred because of negligence to adhere to the ethical leadership standards (Faure, 2005). During the aftermath of the Exxon disaster experts pointed out several issues which indicates lack of ethical leadership thereby contributing to the risks. Should captain Joseph Hazelwood taken his leadership responsibility of steering the ship safely the accident had a chance of having been avoided. But even after the wreck he still goes ahead to depict unethical leadership when he tries to wreck the ship free even after being made aware his behaviour was increasing the magnitude of oil spillage. This situation and increased risk of liability, health and environmental could have been prevented if ethical leadership qualities were exhibited. The situation is even m ade controllable should the Exxon officials adhered to the ethical requirements and disallowed operation of such an important ship by a drunk captain (amseur, 2013). Immediately after the disaster we observe a massive unpreparedness from the disaster management company which further propelled the magnitude of risk encountered. From disarray of oil containment equipment to wastage of very vital time from their unstable and in appropriate decision making (Roach, 2010). When we are told about the nature of skimmer boats which were being used to clear the disaster our conclusion that unethical leadership is what propelled the liability risk higher is undisputable. Considering the firms decision to save 22million instead of building a second hull and the failure of the CEO to visit the scene or comment on the disaster for up to 6 days after the disaster we observe a level of carelessness in the management which directly increased the risks of the firm. The careless and unethical leadership style is again portrayed by the BP organisation, instead of focusing on effective risk prevention techniques after the Exxon accident the managers engage in array of risky unethical leadership decisions which eventually led to severe loss to the firm (Environ International Corporation, 2007). The managers by choosing cheap means of extraction by shortening the equipment testing procedures and constructing a cheaper but risky oil rig designs only tarmacs the road to disasters. The situation in the Fracking sector is not different either experts have clearly outlines procedures which if followed will eventually reduce the risks associated with the process to acceptable levels. Its therefore up to the people in charge of the operations to adhere to this ethical standard to minimise the risks threatening the sustainability of the sector. Management of this cases illustrated is a sure way of reducing the risks and so ethical leadership is just the obvious way forward (Pechan, 2006). Conclusion The oil and gas industry is one very profitable sector. Due the environment of its operations the sector s one very risky venture. Despite the risks, it has attracted several firms such as Exxon and BP organisation (Argonne National Laboratory, 2004). The sector has asset of code of ethics that define the way its run but greed for money have seen firm such as BP preferring to build their public image through lies but without putting in place adequate techniques to combat risk of distress in the firm. The explosion of the oil rig combined with number of expert opinions is a strong evidence to this failure to portray ethical leadership. On the hand the management of Exxon ship wreck is another depicter of the consequences of failure to adhere to the ethical issues in the sector. Even though the Fracking sector is just arising there are already pointed issues such as the release of casino genic toxins to release of dangerous gases into the atmosphere which need immediate attention to ensure its sustainability. In conclusion, the case study is a pure evident of how adhering to the ethical codes will massively improve the nature and extent of disasters to the sector (American Petroleum Institute, 2000). References American Petroleum Institute, 2000. Overview of Exploration and Production Waste Volumes and Waste Management Practices in the United States, USA: American Petroleum Institute. amseur, J. L., 2013. Oil Spills in U.S. Coastal Waters, s.l.: Congressional Research Service. Argonne National Laboratory, 2004. A White Paper Describing Produced Water from Production of Crude Oil, Natural Gas, and Coal Bed Methane, s.l.: U.S. Department of Energy. Environ International Corporation, 2007. WRAP Oil Gas: 2002/2005 and 2018 Area Source Controls Evaluation, Western Regional Air Partnership, Stationary Sources Joint Forum Working Group, May 30, 2007, s.l.: Environ International Corporation,. Faure, M. . H. W., 2005. Economic Analysis of Compensation for Oil Pollution Damage. , Maastricht.: University of Maastricht. Huntington, S. B. a. H., 2009. Estimating U.S. Oil Security Premiums, s.l.: EMF OP 68. Minerals Management Service, 2011. Budget Justifications and Performance Information, s.l.: Minerals Management Service. Nossiter, A., 2010. Far From Gulf, a Spill Scourge 5 Decades Old. [Online] Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/17/world/africa/17nigeria.html [Accessed 31 May 2017]. Pechan, E., 2006. 2018 SO2 Emissions Evaluation for Non-Utility Sources Final Report, s.l.: Western Governors Association, Stationary Sources Joint Forum. Roach, B. . H. J. M., 2010. The Gulf Oil Spill: Economic and Policy Issues. , Medford: : Global Development and Environmental Institute..

Sunday, December 1, 2019

Robert E Lee Essays (674 words) - Fitzhugh Family Of Virginia

Robert E Lee Robert Edward Lee was born on January 19th, 1807 in Stratford, Virginia. Robert's father was thrown in debtors jail many times for not paying on time. He was introduced to war early in his life; his brother Sydney had shown him a cannon ball and told him about the revolution. Mrs. Lee's stepson was old enough to claim the mansion where they lived that his dead mother had gave to him in his will. The Lee's left to live in Alexandria. Lee was brought up in a Christian family. When Lee was 18, he went to West Point. There were only 6,000 other men in the entire army. Later that year, Lee said goodbye to his mother and took a stagecoach from Virginia to New York. At the end of his first year at West Point, he was appointed Staff Sergeant. When he was twenty-two, he took his money that he earned; $103.58 in cash and he started a home. On July 26, 1829, Lee's mother died. Robert was at her bed when she died. Then on June 30, 1831 Lee married Mary Curtis. On September 16, 1832, Mary gave birth to George Washington Curtis Lee. Then in 1835 they had their second child, Mary Curtis. Mrs. Lee was put on bed-rest for many months due to illness. They had five more children: William Henry Fitzgerald, Annie, Agnes, Robert and last Mildred. When he was home, they all attended episcopal Church where he was raised. On May 13, 1846 the United States declared was on their southern neighbor. When Lee was 39, he headed for Mexico. Lee's will said that he was worth about $38,750 with few depts. He only had few slaves: Nancy and her children. And they were to be freed "soon as it can be done to their advantage and that of others. On Christmas, Lee wrote to his wife that he hoped this woul.d be the last time he would be away from her. While they were at war, even though is was hard, he attended church. He returned on June 29, 1843. On September 1, 1852 he was appointed to superintenent of the military acadamy where he had graduated. In 1853, a distressing message reached Lee: Mrs. Curtis had died unexpectedly. The death made him do something he had never thought of doing. He wanted to be confined to the church. It was gunners at Charlestown Harbor who forced Robert E. Lee to make the tough decisions in his life. On April 12, the United States, as the union fired upon by Confederate gunners. The civil war began with the first cannon roar at Fort Sumpter. The north had more of an advantage because they have all of the military supplies and factories. The south was a land of farmers without military supplies and hardly any money to buy them. Then one day when Lee was in hid hotel, he had a visitor. He read a report of the supplies coming into Richmond. 60,00 small arms, and 54,00 flintlocks. I July 21, 1861 they received a telegram that the south had won the first major battle of the Civil War. One evening Lee looked up to see a soldier salute. "Major Rooney Lee was fired upon by Union pickets, Sir, near Cheat Mountain. His companion, Colonel Washington, died instantly. Union pickets put three Minie ball through his body." Then Lee's face lost it's color. "Your son's mount was shot from under him. Major Lee escaped on Washington's horse, sir." Lee sighed in relief. Washington's death hit Lee. He was a good friend of the family. Lee had been involved in the war for the whole time that it was going on. He had many battles, and he was fig hting very bravely and strong until the war ended. He lived a happy life after the war was over. BibliographyRobert E. Lee, Lamonte, Lamid. 1988.Grossmunt & Dumount Robert Lee's Life. 1989. Excerpt from Robert Lee's Life, Readers Digest. September 1989